I'm trying to come up with a list of at least 20 different tubers to eat that grow easily in Michigan So far, the list has been: 1. maidenhair fern 2. spring beauty 3. ground nut 4. hog peanut 5. cattail 6. yellow nutsedge (chufa) 7. indian cucumber 8. arrowhead 9. wild yam 10. jerusalem artichoke 11. flat sedge 12. greenbrier 13. bellflower??? 14. daylily (although not really wild) I've also made lists of 30 wild edible fruits for Michigan AND 30 wild edible vegetables in Michigan and was much more successful. I am not sure as much on the tubers.
People eat the taproot of Queen Anne's Lace, Dacus carota, which can be confused with hemlock, a deadly poisonous plant.
How about ramps, Allium triccocum, not a tuber, but a bulb. I grew up in Ohio and that is the only wild thing I remember digging from the ground to eat.