This photo was taken last Saturday, in a small wood in Porto (Portugal). Linaria triornithophora is endemic to the northwestern region of the Iberian Peninsula, so I suppose this population of a few dozen plants is spontaneous, although the wood where I found it is mainly made up of Eucalyptus trees. This perennial plant (called esporas-bravas - meaning wild spurs - in Portuguese) deserves to be very popular in gardens for its gorgeous flowers, but I have never seen it cultivated around here.
Linaria purpurea is a pest species over here, as is Dalmatian toadflax. So there may not be a rush to try this one for that reason - although I have heard of it, making me think it is cultivated. Note that you meant to say "endemic" rather than "endemism."
